A study conducted by researchers at Karolinska Institutet (Sweden), Vrije Universiteit (Netherlands), and partner institutions tracked 9,855 U.S. children aged 9–10 over two years. Controlling for genetics and socioeconomic status, they found that kids who played more than average video games saw an additional 2.5 IQ point gain compared to peers. In contrast, television watching and social media had no discernible effect on intelligence.
🔍 What Did the Study Measure?
- Baseline tests assessed reading comprehension, vocabulary, working memory, visual-spatial skills, and flexible thinking.
- Average habits: ~1 hour/day gaming, 2.5 hours/day watching videos, 0.5 hours/day on social media.
- Follow-up after two years revealed that only gaming was positively associated with cognitive gains.
🎯 Cognitive Benefits Beyond IQ
Separate studies with around 2,000 children indicated that those playing 3+ hours daily scored higher on working memory and impulse control tests. Brain scans showed enhanced activity in frontal regions tied to complex thinking.
Moreover, meta‑analyses suggest that action and strategy games can improve executive function and attention, though effects vary by genre and duration.
⚠️ Limitations & Caveats
- The study was restricted to U.S. children aged 9–10, limiting generalizability.
- Screen time and gaming habits were self-reported, introducing potential bias.
- Effects may be confounded by which learning activities gaming replaces—for example, replacing reading might hurt, while replacing passive media may help.
- Other dimensions like sleep quality, emotional wellbeing, or social development were not measured. Gaming may still involve trade-offs in these areas.
✅ Quick Summary
| Key Insight | Finding |
|---|---|
| IQ Gain After Two Years | ~+2.5 points for high gamers |
| Screen Habits Measured | Gaming, TV/video watching, social media use |
| Cognitive Skills Improved | Working memory, flexible thinking, impulse control |
| No Impact Observed | TV or social media use |
| Controlled For | Genetic predispositions and socioeconomic background |
| Limitations | Self-reporting, limited age group, lacks behavioral metrics |
👨👩👧 Parental Takeaways
- Balanced gaming (1–2 hours/day) may support cognitive development through strategic and problem-solving play.
- Monitor the types of games used—puzzle/strategy/action games offer more benefit than passive or non-interactive game styles.
- Ensure gaming doesn’t replace sleep, outdoor activity, study time, or parent-child interaction, all of which are crucial for holistic development.
- Screen time guidelines from pediatric associations still recommend moderation, especially for younger children.
🎮 Broader Shifts
A recent survey of U.S. parents showed growing acceptance of children’s gaming, recognizing benefits like enhanced strategic thinking, teamwork, decision-making, and even emerging educational or career pathways in esports and tech fields. The Sun
🧭 Final Thoughts
The study offers compelling evidence that video gaming can play a positive role in improving childhood IQ and cognitive skills—when used mindfully. However, because intelligence has many determinants, gaming should complement—not replace—reading, physical activity, and nurturing environments.
